Criopreservación de corteza ovárica en pacientes jóvenes con cáncer e indicación de tratamiento gonadotóxico
Palabras clave:
CRIOPRESERVACION, OVARIO, QUIMIOTERAPIA, NEOPLASIAS, CONSERVACION DE TEJIDOResumen
Introducción: el aumento de la tasa de curación de pacientes jóvenes con cáncer hace imprescindible planear estrategias que puedan disminuir las secuelas de los tratamientos. Las repercusiones reproductivas son de las más importantes.
Objetivo: presentar la instrumentación del Programa de Preservación de la Función Ovárica Frente al Cáncer así como publicar el protocolo específico de criopreservación de tejido ovárico aplicado.
Material y método: se tomaron las primeras 15 pacientes en las que, cumpliendo los criterios de inclusión, se optó por la estrategia de criopreservar tejido ovárico previo al inicio de la quimioterapia. En 12 casos se les realizó la criopreservación de un ovario con conservación del otro, con biopsia ovárica bilateral como único procedimiento. En los tres casos restantes se asoció la traslocación heterotópica del otro ovario. Se describe el protocolo de criopreservación utilizado.
Resultados: se realizó el procedimiento en 15 pacientes con distintos tipos de cáncer que requerían tratamiento altamente gonadotóxico. El procedimiento se realizó con éxito en todas.
Discusión y conclusiones: la conjunción del esfuerzo multidisciplinario y multiinstitucional ha puesto en marcha este programa, que instrumenta una técnica aún en desarrollo. Se trata de un procedimiento a implementar dentro de un protocolo específico. Constituye, no obstante y por ahora, la única oportunidad para un grupo seleccionado de pacientes de preservar la función ovárica hormonal y eventualmente reproductiva.
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