Serotypes, serum profile and anti-biotypes of Shigella flexneri cultures isolated from infants under 5 years with diarrhea sanguinolenta users of Public Health Services
Keywords:
SHIGELLA FLEXNERI, CHILD DIARRHEA, SEROTYPINGAbstract
Background: Shigella flexneri is the most frequent bacterial agent in infants under 5 years old with bloody diarrhea. Shigellosis is an infectious disease successfully treated with antibiotics. Empirical choice of the adequate antibiotic is difficult due to Shigella-resistant antibiotics. This situation promoted the interest to develop vaccines able to control the disease. Since many vaccines tend to promote specific serotype immune response, it is important to categorise prevalent serotypes in the population study.
The aim of the study was to categorise 50 isolated Shigella flexneri strains in infants with bloody diarrhea, collected in four etiologic surveys of gastroenteritis.
Methods: serotypification, lipopolysaccharide patterns, plasmid profile and sensitivity to different antibiotics were carried out in each strain.
Results: prevalent serotypes were 2a, 3c, 4, 6, y 1. Ten different antibiotypes were identified. In serotype 2a, 3 plasmidic patterns were found; 5 was the most frequent, followed by 6 and 7. Analyse of present antibiotypes showed a trend to an enlargement of the resistance range.
Conclusions: according to results, immunogen should include specific "O" determinants for 2a, 1, 3c, 4, 6 and Shigella sonnei serotypes.
References
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27) Sansonetti P, Phalipon A. Shigellosis: from molecular pathogenesis of infection to protective immunity and vaccine development. Res Immunol 1996; 147(8-9): 595-602.
2) Kotloff KL, Winickoff JP, Ivanoff B, Clemens JD, Swerdlow DL, Sansonetti PJ, et al. Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. Bull World Health Organ 1999; 77(8): 651-66.
3) Salam MA, Bennish ML. Antimicrobial therapy for shigellosis. Rev Infect Dis 1991; 13(Suppl 4): S332-41.
4) Lima AA, Sidrim JJ, Lima NL, Titlow W, Evans ME, Greenberg RN. Molecular epidemiology of multiply antibiotic-resistant Shigella flexneri in Fortaleza, Brasil. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35(5): 1061-5.
5) Lima AA, Lima NL, Pinho MC, Barros Junior EA, Teixeira MJ, Martins MC, et al. High frequency of strains multiply resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfametho-xazole, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline isolated from patients with shigellosis in northeastern Brazil during the period 1988 to 1993. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39(1): 256-9.
6) Chu YW, Houang ET, Lyon DJ, Ling JM, Tak-Keung NG, Cheng AF. Antimicrobial resistance in Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei in Hong Kong, 1986 to 1995. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42(2): 440-3.
7) Navia MM, Capitano L, Ruiz J, Vargas M, Urassa H, Schellemberg D, et al. Typing and characterization of me-chanisms of resistance of Shigella spp isolated from feces of children under 5 years of age from Ifakara, Tanzania. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37(10): 3113-7.
8) Passwell JH, Harlev E, Ashkenazi S, Chu C, Miron D, Ramón R, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of improved Shigella O-specific polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines in adults in Israel. Infect Immun 2001; 69(3): 1351-7.
9) Noriega FR, Liao FM, Maneval DR, Ren S, Formal SB, Levine MM. Strategy for cross-protection among Shigella flexneri serotypes. Infect Immun 1999; 67(2): 782-8.
10) Fries LF, Montemarano AD, Mallett CP, Taylor DN, Hale TL, Lowell GH. Safety and immunogenicity of a proteosome-Shigella flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide vaccine administered intranasally to healthy adults. Infect Immun 2001; 69(7): 4545-53.
11) Rasolofo-Razanamparany V, Cassel-Beraud AM, Roux J, Sansonetti PJ, Phalipon A. Predominance of serotype-specific mucosal antibody response in Shigella flexner-infected humans living in an area of endemicity. Infect Immun 2001; 69(9): 5230-4.
12) Prado V, Lagos R, Nataro JP, San Martin O, Arellano C, Wang, JY, et al. Population based study of the incidence of Shigella diarrhea and causative serotypes in Santiago, Chile. Pediatr Infec Dis J 1999; 18(6): 500-5.
13) Uruguay. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Departamento de Estadística. Boletín Oficial 2002: 13.
14) Torres ME, Pírez MC, Schelotto F, Varela G, Parodi V, Allende F, et al. Etiology of children’s diarrhea in Montevideo, Uruguay: associated pathogens and unusual isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39(6): 2134-9.
15) Ewing WH. Edwards and Ewing’s identification of Enterobacteriaceae. 4th ed. New York: Elsevier, 1980: 137-72.
16) Hitchcock PJ, Brown TM. Morphological heterogeneity among Salmonella lipopolysaccharide chemotypes in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. J Bacteriol 1983; 154(1): 269-77.
17) Varela G, Schelotto F, di Conza J, Ayala JA. Analysis of the O-antigen chain length distribution during extracellular and intracellular growth of Shigella flexneri. Microb Pathog 2001; 31(1): 21-7.
18) National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved Standard. NCCLS Document M2-A7. 7th ed. Villanova: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 2000.
19) Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T. Molecular Cloning: a laboratory manual. 2nd ed. New York: Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press, 1989: 25-32.
20) Varela G, Schelotto F, Pais T, Pírez MC, Dell’Acqua L, Zanetta E. Diarrea con sangre y síndrome urémico hemolítico en Montevideo, Uruguay. Congreso Latinoamericano de Microbiología, 11. Buenos Aires, 1991.
21) Montano A, Torres ME, Pírez MC, Algorta G, Schelotto F. Shigella: evolución de la resistencia antimicrobiana e implicancias terapéuticas. Encuentro Nacional de Microbiólogos, 6. Montevideo, 2003.
22) Ramírez-Del-Puerto YG, Pastorini-Correa JC, Russi-Cahill JC, Ferrari-Castilla AM. Enfermedad diarreica aguda: características de la población asistida en el CASMU. Abril 1997 - Abril 1998. Arch Pediatr Urug 2001; 72(2): 110-5.
23) Giachetto G, Camacho G, Speranza N, Telechea H, Olmos I, Kegel S, et al. Análisis de la prescripción de antibióticos en el hospital pediátrico del Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR). Congreso de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica, 10. Montevideo, 2003.
24) Hall RM, Collis CM. Antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria: the role of gene cassettes and integrons. Drug Resist Updates 1998; 1: 109-19.
25) Oh JY, Yu HS, Kim SK, Seol SY, Cho DT, Lee JC. Changes in patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility and integron carriage among Shigella sonnei isolates from southwestern Korea during epidemic periods. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41(1): 421-3.
26) Cohen D, Ashkenazi S, Green MS, Gdalevich M, Robin G, Slepon R, et al. Double-blind vaccine-controlled randomi-sed efficacy trial of an investigational Shigella sonnei conjugate vaccine in young adults. Lancet 1997; 349(9046): 155-9.
27) Sansonetti P, Phalipon A. Shigellosis: from molecular pathogenesis of infection to protective immunity and vaccine development. Res Immunol 1996; 147(8-9): 595-602.
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Published
2005-03-31
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Mota MI, Varela G, Gadea M del P, Caffer MI, Sirok A, Schelotto F. Serotypes, serum profile and anti-biotypes of Shigella flexneri cultures isolated from infants under 5 years with diarrhea sanguinolenta users of Public Health Services. Rev. Méd. Urug. [Internet]. 2005 Mar. 31 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];21(1):30-6. Available from: https://revista.rmu.org.uy/index.php/rmu/article/view/825
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