Transmisión vertical del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana: Seguimiento de los hijos de mujeres con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en una institución de asistencia médica colectiva; Uruguay (2008-2011)

Mariana Más; Patricia Barrios; Gustavo Giachetto; Beatriz Sayagués; Carolina Morales; Olga Hernández

Authors

Mariana Más Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Emergencia Pediátrica. Prof. Adj. de Emergencia Pediátrica. Médica Uruguaya, Policlínica de Infectología. Pediatra
Patricia Barrios Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatría y Especialidades. Prof. Adj. de Pediatría. Médica Uruguaya, Policlínica de Infectología. Pediatra
Gustavo Giachetto Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatría y Especialidades. Clínica Pediátrica. Profesor Titular. Médica Uruguaya, Consultante de Infectología Pediátrica
Beatriz Sayagués Médica Uruguaya, Centro Intensivo Neonatal y Pediátrico. Jefa. Pediatra
Carolina Morales Médica Uruguaya, Unidad de Notificación y Apoyo a pacientes con VIH-SIDA. Coordinadora. Licenciada en Trabajo Social
Olga Hernández Universidad de la República, Facultad de Medicina, Cátedra de Infectología. Ex Prof. Agdo. Médica Uruguaya, Infectólogo consultante

Keywords:

INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL HIV INFECTIONS

Abstract

Introduction: almost all HIV infections among children are due to vertical transmission. In Uruguay, national figures corresponding to vertical transmission are reported by the National Reference Center. There is no information about the way comprehensive healthcare providers of the private sub-sector handle this disease.
Objective: to describe follow-up of children born to HIV infected mothers at Médica Uruguaya to learn about vertical transmission.
Method: the children of HIV infected women who were seen from 2008 through 2011 were included in the study. Maternal and newborn variables were recorded.
Results: there were 26 children born to HIV infected women. Only one infected child was diagnosed in the health facility. Twenty four women had been diagnosed with HIV prior to the birth of their children. All women had been treated with antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy, and received IV zidovudine (AZT) during C-section. Children received oral AZT and were exclusively fed with modified milk. Eighteen children were released from hospital, eight of them are still being followed-up.
Discussion: results obtained at Médica Uruguaya could be explained by the low number of non-controlled pregnancies and the existence of a protocol for healthcare by a multidisciplinary team, which implied close social and biological follow-up of HIV infected women, their families and children.
Conclusions: follow-up starting at early pregnancy and involving partners to improve treatment adherence, check-up visits, and commitment with the newborn care allow for good results in HIV vertical transmission. Breastmilk transmission should be studied.

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