Características de pacientes con SARS-CoV-2 en estado crítico en un centro COVID-19 de referencia en Uruguay

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29193/RMU.39.4.6

Palabras clave:

SARS-COV-2, COVID-19, SÍNDROME DE DISTRÉS RESPIRATORIO AGUDO, VENTILACIÓN MECÁNICA INVASIVA

Resumen

Introducción: la pandemia de COVID-19 produjo una alta mortalidad en el mundo. Sin embargo, las presentaciones más críticas de la enfermedad han sido poco caracterizadas en nuestra región.
Objetivo: estudiar la presentación clínica, evolución y mortalidad en pacientes ingresados en la unidad de medicina intensiva de un centro COVID-19 de referencia.
Pacientes y método: estudio clínico, prospectivo, observacional de SARS-CoV-2 durante las primeras etapas de la pandemia en Uruguay. Se definió mortalidad en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) como desenlace primario.
Resultados: en 274 pacientes, la edad mediana fue de 65 años (IQR 54-73), el sexo masculino representó el 57% y el índice de Charlson tuvo una mediana de 3 (IQR 2-5). La mortalidad en UCI fue 59,9%. Las principales causas de muerte fueron: hipoxemia refractaria, disfunción orgánica múltiple y shock refractario. La edad (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1,06; IC de 95% 1,03 - 1,09), ocupación de camas (OR = 1,04, IC 95%: 1,02 - 1,07), sexo masculino (OR = 2,14, IC 95%: 0,93 - 5,06), ventilación mecánica invasiva (OR = 51,7, IC 95%: 16,5 - 208,6), coinfección al ingreso (OR = 2,34, IC 95%: 0,88 - 6,77) y enfermedad renal crónica previa (OR = 13,1, IC 95%: 2,29 - 129,2) fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad. La primera ola de la pandemia se produjo por la circulación de las variantes P.6 y P.1 del coronavirus, en una población con muy bajo porcentaje de vacunación (8%).
Conclusiones: estos resultados en pacientes críticos aportan una descripción detallada del impacto de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 en un centro de referencia y constituyen una base para enfrentar futuros eventos epidémicos.

Citas

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Publicado

2023-12-22

Cómo citar

1.
Hurtado J, Goldman I, Buroni M, Quiroga C, Rodríguez F, Tenzi J, et al. Características de pacientes con SARS-CoV-2 en estado crítico en un centro COVID-19 de referencia en Uruguay. Rev. Méd. Urug. [Internet]. 22 de diciembre de 2023 [citado 27 de julio de 2024];39(4):e206. Disponible en: https://revista.rmu.org.uy/index.php/rmu/article/view/1062

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