The inhalation route of infection in mice and its relevance in elucidating the pathogenesis of some deep mycoses
Keywords:
MYCOSES, PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS, CRYPTOCOCCOSIS, SPOROTRICHOSIS, EXPERIMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, LABORATORY ANIMALS, MOUSE, URUGUAYAbstract
Knowing what potential access infectious agents have to the body is essential to, among other things, adopt the most suitable prophylactic measures in every case. This undoubtedly applies to mycoses, and especially deep systemic mycoses, given their severity. In the case of pulmonary entrance door the study included the classical clinical examination, as well as paraclinical studies such as radiology and skin tests of retarded hypersensitivity with the corresponding antigens.
Similarly, it has been acknowledged that experimental research in laboratory animals constitutes a relevant tool for making progress in the field. This study comprises a number of experiments carried out in Uruguay, where mice were used in order to investigate the feasibility of pulmonary entrance door for paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), cryptococcosis and sporothricosis. These studies, pioneers in the field, have been of paramount importance for authors to accept that pulmonary entrance door is usual in both cryptococcosis and paracoccidioidomycosis, as it can also be a potential entrance door in cases of pulmonary sporothricosis, which are often followed by hematic generalization.
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(2) Christie A, Peterson J. Pulmonary calcification in negative reactors to tuberculin. Am J Public Health 1945; 35: 1131-47.
(3) Palmer CE. Nontuberculous pulmonary calcification and sensitivity to histoplasmin. Public Health Rep 1945; 60: 513-20.
(4) Vandepitte J. Clinical aspects of cryptococcosis in patients with AIDS. In: Vanden Bossche H, Mackenzie WR, Cauwenbergh G, Van Cutsen J, Drouhet E, Dupont B, eds. Mycoses in AIDS patients. New York: Plenum, 1990: 115-22.
(5) Van Damme P, Bierenbroodspot F, TelgtT D, Kwakman J, De Wilde P, Meis J. A case of imported paracoccidioidomycosis: an awkward infection in the Netherlands. Med Mycol 2006; 44: 13-8.
(6) Rippon J. Tratado de micología médica. 3 ed. México: Interamericana, 1990: 360.
(7) Almeida F, Lacaz C da S. Intradermoreaçao com paracoccidioidina no diagnostico do granuloma paracoccidioidico. A reaçao de Montenegro no granuloma paracoccidioidico. Folia Clin Biol 1941; 13: 177-82.
(8) Lacaz C da S. Blastomicose Sul-Americana. Reaçoes intra-dérmicas com a paracoccidioidina, coccidioidina e blastomice-tina. Rev Hosp Clín Fac Med S Paulo 1948; 3: 11-8.
(9) Mackinnon JE, Artagaveytia-Allende RC, Arroyo L. Sobre la especificidad de la intradermorreacción con paracoccidioidina. An Fac Med Montevideo 1953; 38: 363-82.
(10) Hounie P, Artagaveytia-Allende RC. Encuesta sobre la sensibilidad al agente de la blastomicosis sudamericana. An Fac Med Montevideo 1957; 42: 27-32.
(11) Lacaz C da S, Passos Filho MCR, Fava Netto C, Macarrón B. Contribuiçao para o estado da "blastomicose-infeccao": inquerito com a paracoccidioidina, estudo sorológico e clínico-radiológico dos paracoccidioidina-positivos. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 1959; 1: 245-59.
(12) Conti Díaz IA. Skin tests with paracoccidioidin and their importance. In: Paracoccidioidomycosis. Proceedings of the First Pan American Symposium. Washington: PAHO, 1972: 197-202. (PAHO Scientific Publication, 254).
(13) Conti Díaz IA. Criptococosis generalizada del ratón por instilación nasal. Arch Soc Biol Montevideo 1958; 23: 63-7.
(14) Conti Díaz IA. Highlights of cryptococcosis in Uruguay. Bull Soc Fr Mycol Med 1990; 1: 83-90.
(15) Mackinnon JE. Blastomicosis sudamericana experimental evolutiva obtenida por vía pulmonar. An Fac Med Montevideo 1959; 44: 355-8.
(16) Mackinnon JE. Pathogenesis of South American blastomycosis. Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 1959; 53: 487-94.
(17) Mackinnon JE. Miositis en la blastomicosis sudamericana experimental. An Fac Med Montevideo 1959; 44: 149-55.
(18) Restrepo A, Guzmán de Espinosa G. Paracoccidioidomicosis experimental del ratón por vía aerógena. Sabouraudia 1976; 14: 299-311.
(19) Brummer E, Restrepo A, Stevens D, Azzi R, Gomez A, Hoyos G, et al. Murine model of paracoccidioidomycosis. Production of fatal pulmonary or chronic pulmonary and disseminated disease: immunological and pathological observations. J Exp Pathol 1984; 1241-55.
(20) McWeen JG, Bedoya V, Patiño MM, Salazar ME, Restrepo A. Experimental murine paracoccidioidomycosis induced by the inhalation of conidia. J Med Vet Mycol 1987; 25: 165-75.
(21) Conant NF, Smith DT, Baker RD, Callaway JL. Manual de micología clínica. 3 ed. México: Interamericana, 1972: 106.
(22) Conti Díaz IA, Yarzábal L, Mackinnon JE. Lesiones cutáneas, orofaríngeas, rectales y musculares por inoculación intracardíaca de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis al cobayo y al conejo. An Fac Med Montevideo 1959; 44: 601-07.
(23) Mackinnon JE, Conti Díaz IA, Yarzábal L, Tavella N. Temperatura ambiental y blastomicosis sudamericana. An Fac Med Montevideo, 1960; 45: 310-8.
(24) Mackinnon JE. The effect of temperature on the deep mycoses. In: Wolstenholme G, Porter R, eds. Systemic mycoses. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1968: 164-75.
(25) Conti Díaz I. Juan Enrique Mackinnon (1904-1987). In: Mañé Garzón F, Turnes A, eds. Médicos uruguayos ejemplares. Montevideo: SMU, 2006: 430-40.
(26) Ritter RC, Larsh HW. The infection of mice following instillation of Cryptococcus neoformans. Am J Hyg 1963; 78: 241-6.
(27) Smith CD, Ritter R, Larsh HW, Furcolow ML. Infection of white Swiss mice with airborne Cryptococcus neoformans. J Bacteriol 1964; 87: 1364-8.
(28) Conti Díaz I. Sporotrichosis in Uruguay: epidemiologic and clinical aspects. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference of the Mycoses.Caracas: OPS, 1980: 312-21. (PAHO Scientific Publication, 396).
(29) Conti Díaz I. Esporotricosis. In: Micosis que afectan piel y mucosas. Torres Rodríguez J, ed. Doyma: Barcelona, 1987.
(30) Berumann L de, Gougerot H. Les Sporotrichosis. Paris: Librairie Felix Alcan, 1912.
(31) Sethi K, Kneipp V, Schwarz J. Pulmonary sporothricosis in mice following intranasal infection. Amer Rev Resp Dis 1966; 93: 463-4.
(32) Conti Díaz I, Civila E. Exposure of mice to inhalation of pigmented conidia of Sporothrix schenckii. Mycopathol Mycol Appl 1969; 38: 1-6.
(33) Schubach TM, Schubach A, Okamoto T, Barros MB, Figueiredo FB, Cuzzi T, et al. Canine sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis and therapeutic response in 44 cases (1998-2003). Med Mycol 2006; 44(1): 87-92.
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Published
2008-03-31
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Conti Díaz IA. The inhalation route of infection in mice and its relevance in elucidating the pathogenesis of some deep mycoses. Rev. Méd. Urug. [Internet]. 2008 Mar. 31 [cited 2024 Sep. 16];24(1):56-61. Available from: https://revista.rmu.org.uy/index.php/rmu/article/view/596
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History of Medicine
