Congenital disorders and 3-D Syndrome

Síndrome de las tres D

Abstract

Congenital defects are a global problem, but their impact on children, on infant mortality and on disability is especially serious in middle and low-income countries. In our country, congenital anomalies and prematurity have been the main causes of infant mortality (MI) for more than a decade, as well as premature mortality at other stages of life and permanent disability. The MI rate shows a reduction of more than 70% from the beginning of the 1980s to 2012, that is, from 38 / 1,000 to 8.65 / 1,000, respectively. Programs led by the Ministry of Public Health (MSP), such as the prevention of acute childhood diarrhea and acute respiratory diseases, the protocol of perinatal care as well as the technology applied to neonatology can explain it. In the last five years, the implementation of public policies aimed at reducing poverty and destitution are added to these elements (1). However, the mortality rate due to malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (MDAC), ICD-10 (Q00-99) has shown a practically static trend in the last 30 years, standing at around 2.4 / 1,000 and explains a of every four infant deaths (25%) (2), in 2012, the MDACs corresponded to 28% (124/447).